תיאור
The Parr series 5100 Low Pressure Reactors are offered in response to users requests for:
1. A system for running reactions similar to those that have been conducted for many years in the Parr shaker, but which offer stirring for better scalability, higher operating temperatures and pressures, and more extensive reactor controls and instrumentation.
2. Reactors for elevated pressures with glass vessels that permit direct observation of mixing action, color changes, or changes of state.
3. Reactors designed for convenient operation at moderate pressure and/or for corrosion resistance.
Convenient and Easy Sealing with O-rings and Split Ring Closures
Parr has developed a new O-ring and closure system to accommodate the requirements of this unique glass-to-metal seal and support, which is convenient to use. A face seal-type O-ring design is used with the proven and popular Parr split ring closure. For this application a special gasket groove was designed to retain the O-ring on the head of the reactor when it is opened. A full range of O-ring materials is available for chemical compatibility with reactants, products and solvents.
The split ring for the glass vessel is padded with high temperature plastic cushions so the glass vessel does not come in direct contact with the metal split ring. Six sealing screws are tightened only finger tight to develop the seal on the O-ring. The split ring snaps together with latches to provide a secure and positive closure.
The alternate metal cylinders use a different split ring designed to handle the higher working pressure of the metal vessels.
Positive Agitation by High Torque Magnetic Drives
These reactors are equipped with Parr magnetic drives to provide a trouble free internal stirrer. These drives have been designed and tested to routinely deliver 2000 hours of operation without service.
Internal Stirrers
The standard internal stirrer for these vessels is a turbine type impeller. These impellers have been designed to provide good axial mixing to keep any solid particles up in suspension and to provide good gas distribution through the liquid phase.
A gas entrainment impeller is available as an alternate agitator for those users whose primary need is gas re-circulation from the head space of the reactor through the liquid phase.
Standard Reactor Fittings
The head of each glass reactor is equipped with:
• Pressure gage, 3-1/2 inch diameter, calibrated 0-200 psi and 0-14 bar
• Gas release valve
• Gas inlet valve
• Liquid sampling valve
• Internal thermocouple
• Internal cooling loop – standard 300 mL to 1.5 L
• Internal stirrer with magnetic drive
• Heads intended for use with glass cylinders are equipped with spring-loaded relief valves adjustable between 50-150 psi.
• All heads are equipped with a rupture disc rated for 1000 psi.
• Internal fittings are T316 Stainless Steel with PTFE coating.
Materials of Construction
These reactors are a combination of a glass reaction vessel with a metal head, internal stirrer, dip tube, thermowell, cooling loop, and external valves and fittings, or alternately an all metal system.
The standard material of construction for the head is Type 316 Stainless Steel with PTFE coated T316SS internals. As an alternative the head and internal wetted parts can be provided in any of the standard Parr materials of construction. See the 5100 Ordering Guide.
Size
Series 5100 Reactors can be easily converted between the 160, 300, 450, and 600 mL sizes by simply changing the cylinders and internal parts. In a similar manner, 1 L and 1.5 L are interchangeable. While the 160-600 mL stand cannot be converted to hold 1 and 1.5 L vessels, the larger stand can be converted to accommodate the 160-600 mL vessels. If you plan to convert at a later time, be sure to order the stand for the largest size you plan to use so the shield and supports will not have to be replaced.
Heating and Temperature Control
These reactors are available with either jacketed or non-jacketed glass cylinders allowing for heating by either a user supplied circulator or with a removable heating mantle respectively. While we would normally expect glass vessels to be equipped with circulating jackets to maintain their transparent feature, some users may not need to heat their reactions or may prefer to use removable heating mantles when they need to work at elevated temperatures. Although transparency is not an issue with metal vessels, users will generally want to select the same heating method for metal vessels as they use for glass vessels so they can utilize the same heating and control system for both.
Users who are using a circulating bath that has its own temperature control for use with these reactors will want to order the reactor without a heating mantle and may only need a motor controller for stirring speed to complete the system. Most laboratory circulators should be adequate for these small vessels. Moveable electric heating mantles are available for vessels that do not have attached circulating jackets. These mantles are for use with 115 or 230 VAC.
4848 Controller
The Parr 4848 Controller provides PC communications to all of the functions housed in the controller. The 4848 Controller offers PID Control with auto tune, Ramp and Soak Programming, Separate Heating and Cooling Control Loops, Stirrer Motor Speed Control, Full or Half Power Heater Option, Lockout Relay and Reset for Over Temperature Protection, Expansion Modules for Tachometer, Pressure, and High Temperature Alarm. Users who wish to program their reactor to automatically step through a pre-set temperature profile will want to select the 4848 Controller with this feature. These controllers will control the electric heating mantle but not a user supplied circulator.
A2110E Motor Controller
For those who supply their own circulator for use with glass jacketed versions of the 5100, Parr offers the A2110E Motor Controller for setting and controlling the speed of the stirrer motor.
Stirrer Motors
Series 5100 Reactors are provided with a choice of three motors:
• The standard motor is a 1/8 hp variable speed motor.
• The standard stirring speed is from 0-1700 rpm. A dual pulley can be inverted to double the torque and halve the speed.
• An explosion proof motor (1/4 hp) is available. This motor is also variable speed and offers the same stirrer speed ranges as the standard motor.
• An air motor is available for users who prefer the added safety of motors that are not electrical and have available a variable compressed air source.
5110 Conversion Sets: Glass to Metal or Metal to Glass
Series 5100 Reactors can be easily converted between glass and metal cylinders. The conversion sets include the cylinder, closure, gage and safety relief devices for the “converted to” system. Sets do not include heater.
5110 & 5120 Conversion Sets
Glass to Metal
Catalog Number Size mL Converts From Converts To
5110A 300 Glass Jacketed Metal Jacketed
5110B 300 Glass Metal
5110C 450 Glass Jacketed Metal Jacketed
5110D 450 Glass Metal
5110E 600 Glass Jacketed Metal Jacketed
5110F 600 Glass Metal
5110M 215 Glass Jacketed Metal Jacketed
5110N 160 Glass Metal
5120A 1000 Glass Jacketed Metal Jacketed
5120B 1000 Glass Metal
5120C 1500 Glass Jacketed Metal Jacketed
5120D 1500 Glass Metal
Metal to Glass
Catalog Number Size mL Converts From Converts To
5110G 300 Metal Jacketed Glass Jacketed
5110H 300 Metal Glass
5110I 450 Metal Jacketed Glass Jacketed
5110J 450 Metal Glass
5110K 600 Metal Jacketed Glass Jacketed
5110L 600 Metal Glass
5110P 215 Metal Jacketed Glass Jacketed
5110Q 160 Metal Glass
5120E 1000 Metal Jacketed Glass Jacketed
5120F 1000 Metal Glass
5120G 1500 Metal Jacketed Glass Jacketed
5120H 1500 Metal Glass
________________________________________
Glass Under Pressure
In the seventy years Parr has been offering apparatus incorporating glass vessels and bottles to be used under pressure, we have learned the following important lessons:
1. Reactions at elevated pressures and temperatures can be conducted safely only if the user takes into consideration all of the potential hazards that may occur if the glass vessel should break under pressure.
2. Vessel design is important. Glass vessels must have rounded sections, proper annealing, cushioning supports, and provisions for dealing with differential thermal expansion as well as adequate thicknesses, careful construction, inspection and testing. All of the glass vessels used in these reactors are tested to a minimum of 225 psi (15 bar).
3. Careful maintenance is also critical to safe operation of glass vessels. Scratches on metal vessels which are highly ductile are cosmetic. Scratches on brittle glass vessels create enormous stress risers which can completely destroy the structural integrity of the vessel. Great care must be employed in handling and washing these vessels to maintain the strength designed into them and confirmed by their original hydrostatic testing.
4. Finally, operators must be trained to recognize the potential hazards and ensure that adequate safety provisions are in place and operational at all times.
